老年性黄斑病变基因
老年性黄斑病变，又称年龄相关性黄斑变性，为视网膜中心区域（黄斑）出现的老年性改变。平均人群每 10 万人中出现该疾病 1500 例。
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相关知识
发病时间
大多发生于45岁以上。 认知人类基因
流行程度
平均人群发病率为1500／10万人。
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典型症状
出现视力减退，视物模糊，中央视野视力障碍，可能影响单眼或双眼。
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治疗方法
口服药物，激光或手术治疗。
认知人类基因
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影响因素
可控因素- 饮食：高脂、高胆固醇饮食均可提高老年性黄斑病变的发病率。
- 吸烟：吸烟是诱发老年性黄斑病变的一个重要因素。研究发现，吸烟者患湿性老年性黄斑病变的可能性高2.8倍。
- 光损害：长期可见光（如蓝光）的辐射可损伤视网膜色素上皮，诱发此病。
不可控因素- 年龄：老年性黄斑病变患病率随年龄增长而增高。
- 家族病史：老年性黄斑病变在发病机制上可能存在遗传因素。
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检测的基因
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保健建议
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参考文献
- Seven new loci associated with age-related macular degeneration
- Haplotypes in the complement factor H (CFH) gene: associations with drusen and advanced age-related macular degeneration
- A missense variant in CST3 exerts a recessive effect on susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration resembling its association with Alzheimer's disease
- Analysis of six genetic risk factors highly associated with AMD in the region surrounding ARMS2 and HTRA1 on chromosome 10, region q26
- Association of PEDF polymorphisms with age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Multiple gene polymorphisms in the complement factor h gene are associated with exudative age-related macular degeneration in chinese
- Complement component 3: an assessment of association with AMD and analysis of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in a Northern Irish cohor
- The effect of genetic variants in SERPING1 on the risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration
- Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups associated with age-related macular degeneration
- Roles of three common VEGF polymorphisms in the risk of age-related macular degeneration
- The ERCC6 gene and age-related macular degeneration
- Synergic effect of polymorphisms in ERCC6 5' flanking region and complement factor H on age-related macular degeneration predisposition
- Evaluation of New and Established Age-Related Macular Degeneration Susceptibility Genes in the WomenÕs Health Initiative Sight Exam (WHI-SE) Study
- rs5888 variant of SCARB1 gene is a possible susceptibility factor for age-related macular degeneration
- Common variants near FRK/COL10A1 and VEGFA are associated with advanced age-related macular degeneration
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